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No. 038
Updated Mar 23, 2026

Should Europe Issue Joint Defence Bonds? The Debate That Could Reshape the EU.

Franco-German disagreement on shared debt is holding back a European rearmament that both say is essential.

Key Takeaways
  1. The precedent problem

The precedent problem


Senior Fellow · European Security

Senior Fellow at Portal Institute. Former NATO Advisor. Specialises in transatlantic relations and collective defence.